Ontogenesis: a Phenomenon and a Process
(on the Problem of the Evolution of Ontogenesis). Kovtun M. F.
— An unconventional approach to the study and analysis of ontogenesis,
based on the duality of its nature is proposed: in the first case
this is a phenomenon, in second case it is a process. As a phenomenon,
ontogenesis covers all manifestations of living, providing the
continuity of life on all the levels of its organization, ensures
lifespan of a species, regardless of the individual‘s life, and
thus the dynamic stability of the cycle of matter and energy flows,
the evolution cycles, the biosphere and life in general. As a
process it is the implementation of ontogenesis by the way of
successive morphogeneses. There is a gap between these components
of ontogenesis (the phenomenon and the process) that must be filled
out. This is a complex task in the scope of the ontogenesis evolution
problem (making the theory of ontogenesis).
Key words: ontogenesis, phenomenon, process, morphogenesis, cycle
of matter and energy, biologization, individualization, essence.
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Karyotypes and Morphological
Variability of Crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus and P. angulosus
(Malacostraca, Decapoda). Kostyuk V. S., Garbar A. V., Mezhzherin
S. V. — The existence on the territory of Ukraine of
two sympatric widespread species definitely different by their
chromosome number was proved based on the meiotic chromosome preparations.
Besides the nominal species Pontastacus leptodactylus (Dana, 1852)
with modal haploid chromosome number n = 93 we prove the existence
of P.?angulosus (Rathke, 1837) with n = 88.
Key words: crayfish, Astacidae, Pontastacus leptodactylus, Pontastacus
angulosus, karyotype, morphometry.
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Fauna of Chewing Lice
of the Order Phthiraptera, Suborders Ischnocera and Amblycera,
of the Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in Ukraine. Soroka N. Ì., Sidorenko
². V. — The article takes a look at the distribution
of different species of chewing chewing lice throughout the world,
provides data on the composition of the species of chewing chewing
lice of the Rock Pigeon in Ukraine. We found four species of chewing
lice of the order Phthiraptera, of the suborders Ischnocera (family
Philopteridae) and of the Amblycera (family Menoponidae). For
the first time in Ukraine, type of parasite Coloceras damicorne
Nitzsch, 1866 was described. Examination of 277 pigeons of two
types (Columbalivia var. domestica, Gmelin, 1789; Columbalivia
var. urbana, Gmelin, 1789) found 20,099 samples of parasites.
Intensiveness and extensiveness of the hosts, points of localization,
changes in development and behavior of the lice of the Rock Pigeon,
were studied. The most common group was Columbicola columbae Linnaeus,
1758; Campanulotes compare Burmeister, 1838; while the most rare
was Coloceras damicorne. The Hohorstiella lata Piaget, 1880 was
the considerably more harm.
Key words: Rock Pigeon, chewing lice, Columbicola, Campanulotes,
Coloceras, Hohorstiella.
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Deep-Water Tardigrada
of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) Outlet Area of the Black Sea.
Kharkevych Kh. O., Sergeeva N. G. — The results of investigations
of tardigrades (2009–2010) in the Bosporus outlet area of the
Black Sea are represented. For the first time two species of tardigrades
Dipodarctus subterraneus (Renaud-Debyser, 1959) and Tanarctus
ramazzottii (Renaud-Mornant, 1975) are recorded for the Black
Sea. Tardigrades are registered on 4 stations at depths range
88–250 m. Average abundance of tardigrades widely varied from
141 to 11 440 ind./m2. The vertical distribution of tardigrades
in the sediments was analyzed: most specimens (up to 98 %) found
in the top 0–1 cm sediment layer.
Key words: deep-water tardigrades, Dipodarctus subterraneus, Tanarctus
ramazzottii, abundance, distribution, Black Sea.
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Ticks of the Genus Rhipicephalus
(Acari, Ixodidae) and Their Distribution in Ukraine. Akimov I.
A., Nebogatkin I. V. — Expansion of Rhipicephalus rossicus
(Jakimov et Kohl-Jakimova, 1911) to the North, due to all its
developmental stages have wide range of feeders (from amphibians
to mammals) in the new man-made environmental conditions in the
steppe and wood-and-steppe of Ukraine and the warming of climate
(especially warm winters), is observed. The northern boundary
of R. rossicus distribution lies in Vinnytsya, Kyiv, Poltava and
Sumy Regions. R. bursa (Canestrini et Fanzago, 1878) and R. sanguineus
(Latreille, 1806) occur only on the shores of the Black Sea and
Sea of Azov (including the Crimea). Outbreak localities of R.
sanguineus are in Kerch Peninsula (Crimea) and in the Dnieper
floodplain. Both R. bursa and R. sanguineus are invasive species.
Key words: Rhipicephalus rossicus, R. bursa, R. sanguineus, distribution,
Ukraine.
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New Vespertilio murinus
(Chiroptera) Winter Records. An Indication of Expansion of the
Species’ Winter Range? Godlevska L. V. — Absence of winter
records, known long distance movements of parti-coloured bats
ringed in North-eastern (NE) Europe, and some observations of
seasonal concentrations of migrating animals had enabled to consider
Vespertilio murinus, until quite recently, as a migratory species
wintering outside Ukraine and NE Europe as a whole. During the
last years the species had been found in the winter season (November
— middle March) in Ukraine in 14 provinces and in the AR Crimea:
contact records in 7 provinces, observations of autumn display
song in 9 provinces and in the AR Crimea. Analysis of the data
allows to assert that at present the whole territory of Ukraine
belongs to the winter range of V. murinus. New winter records
of V. murinus from Ukraine and other countries of NE Europe should
probably be considered as an evidence of the expansion of the
species’ winter range, that may be conditioned by the appearance
of big massifs of rock-like structures (= multi-storey buildings)
in plain regions.
Key words: Vespertilio murinus, Ukraine, NE Europe, winter range,
expansion.
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Avian Diversity on the
Sandstone Cliff Outskirts of the Maloti/Drakensberg ‘Hot-spot’
Area in Southern Africa. Kopij G. — During the year 1999–2001,
avian assemblages associated with cliffs and bushy vegetation
of the Clarens Formation have been quantified by means of the
line transect method (total length of transects — 107 km) in Lesotho
lowlands. In total, 80 species resident in these habitats were
recorded. Overall, six species were classified as dominants: Serinus
canicollis, Prinia maculosa, Streptopelia senegalensis, Emberiza
tahapisi, Emberiza capensis and Cisticola fulvicapilla. Together
they comprised 41.4?% of all breeding pairs. Ten other species
were classified as subdominants (33.9?%). Granivores were the
most numerous feeding guild (31 species; 48.0?% of all pairs),
followed by insectivores (27 species; 32.3?%) and frugivores (11
species; 17.4?%). The most numerous nesting guild were shrub/tree
nesting birds (47.2?%). Proportions for some congereric species
were calculated. The bushy vegetation is characterized by high
species diversity and relatively high population densities of
some species.
Key words: avian assemblages, ‘hot spot’ area, Lesotho.
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Comparative Morphology
of Dendrocometes paradoxus (Ciliophora, Suctorea) from two Distant
Regions (Ukraine and Mexico) and Different Host Species. Dovgal
I. V., Mayen-Estrada R. — Comparative analysis of Dendrocometes
paradoxus Stein, 1852 cell morphology from various gammarid amphipod
species in different regions of Ukraine, and those attached to
several host body parts of Hyalella azteca collected in two Mexican
lakes, was carried out in order to demonstrate the morphological
variability, due to the hosts species or their geographical distribution.
For hosts species and corporal distribution, no significant differences
between the two populations were shown. As the result, it was
found the suctorians common for amphipod crustaceans from Ukraine
and Mexico all are conspecific and belong to D. paradoxus.
Key words: suctorians, Dendrocometes paradoxus, distribution,
morphology, variability, hosts, Ukraine, Mexico.
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To Study of the Species
Composition of Plant-Inhabiting Phytoseiid Mites (Acari, Mesostigmata)
of the North-West Coast of the Black Sea. Kolodochka L. A., Trach
V. A., Uzun E. E. — The data on 17 species of plant-inhabiting
phytoseiid mites of the North-West Coast of the Black Sea (Odessa
province) are provided. Mites Seiulus peculiaris Kolodochka, 1980
is recorded in Ukraine for the first time, and mites Paragigagnathus
insuetus (Livshitz et Kuznetzov, 1972) were found on the mainland
part of Ukraine for the first time.
Key words: Phytoseiidae, Mesostigmata, Acari, the North-West Coast
of the Black Sea, Ukraine.
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A New Species of the
Genus Herina (Diptera, Ulidiidae) from Eastern Java (Indonesia).
Kameneva E. P. — Herina arjunae Kameneva, sp. n. from
mountain grasslands on volcano Arjuna (at 2000 m a. s. l.) is
described and figured. It is closely related to H. orientalis
(Schiner, 1868) in the very similar position of crossveins on
the wing, structure of female aculeus and spermathecae, but differing
by its well-developed wing pattern with brown subbasal and apical
bands, and with crossvein dm-cu brown emarginated (lacking in
H. orientalis). Diagnosis and key to species of Herina orientalis
group are provided.
Key words: Diptera, Ulidiidae, Otitini, Herina, Indonesia, Java,
new species.
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First Records of Several
Tanypodinae Species (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Ukraine. Baranov
V. A. — Three species of Tanypodinae: Conchapelopia melanops
(Meigen, 1818), Paramerina cf. cingulata (Walker, 1856), Procladius
(Psilotanypus) flavifrons Edwards, 1929 are recorded for the first
time for Ukraine. Notes on morphology of P. cf. cingulata are
given.
Key words: Chironomidae, Tanypodinae, Conchapelopia, Paramerina,
Procladius, new records, Ukraine.
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Fourth Contribution
on Late Eocene Amber Silken Fungus Beetles: a New Baltic Amber
Species of Atomaria (Coleoptera, Clavicornia, Cryptophagidae).
Lyubarsky G. Yu., Perkovsky E. E. — Atomaria gedanicola
Lyubarsky et Perkovsky, sp. n., a new cryptophagid species from
Baltic amber is described. The new species is the first recorded
Eocene Atomariinae. The new species is similar to A. fuscipes
Gyllenhal. It differs from the latter in having pronotum flat,
posterior angles of pronotum obtuse, and antenna short. The record
of A. gedanicola syninclused with Ceratopogon biting midge supports
the Late Eocene age of the Baltic amber, for the Holarctic affinities
of both taxa are incompatible with the paratropical climate characteristic
of the Mid-European Middle Eocene.
Key words. Cryptophagidae, Atomaria, Late Eocene, Baltic amber,
Russia.
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Spreading and Number
Nematodes Strongyloides papillosus (Rhabdit³da) of Cattle in the
Conditions of Steppe Dnieper. Shendryk C. M., Sîrîêà N. Ì.
— Eggs and larvae of nematodes belonging to Rhabdit³da were identified
in cattle on the conditions of Steppe Dnieper. Age-related and
seasonal peculiarities of number of Strongyloides papillosus (Weld,
1856) in animals. The number of Rhabdit³da laver in the enviroment
higher in winter-spring, than in summer months. Quantity of worms
eggs in animals higher in the winter period.
Êey wîrd: nematodes, Rhabdit³da, cattle, Steppe Dnieper.